Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in regulating oxidative stress
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in regulating oxidative stress
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) plays a multifaceted role in regulating oxidative stress several mechanisms:
1. Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): HBOT increases the partial pressure of oxygen in tissues, leading to the production of ROS. While excessive ROS can cause oxidative damage, controlled ROS levels are crucial for cellular signaling and defense mechanisms.
2. Activation of Antioxidant Pathways: In response to increased ROS, HBOT stimulates the body’s antioxidant defense systems. This includes the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes such as Superoxide dismutase SOD) and catalase, which help neutralize ROS and protect cells from oxidative damage.
3. Hormetic Response: HBOT can induce a hormetic response, where low levels of oxidative stress lead to adaptive changes that enhance cellular resilience. This involves the activation of protective pathways that improve the cell’s ability to manage oxidative stress.
4. Modulation of Inflammatory Pathways: HBOT can influence inflammatory pathways by affecting transcription factors like NF-κB, which are involved in the regulation of genes related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
5. Mitochondrial Function: HBOT can impact mitochondrial function by balancing ROS production and antioxidant defenses, potentially improving mitochondrial efficiency and reducing oxidative damage.
6. Nrf2 Pathway Activation: HBOT may activate the Nrf2 pathway, which regulates the expression of antioxidant genes, further enhancing the cell’s ability to combat oxidative stress.
Overall, HBOT helps regulate oxidative stress by balancing ROS production with the activation of antioxidant defenses, contributing to its therapeutic effects in various clinical conditions